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Abstract

Iodine is a non-metallic element discovered by French chemist, Bernard Courtois, in 1811.1 Its name is derived from the Greek “iodes” meaning violet or purple, the color of iodine in its gaseous phase. An essential trace mineral in humans, iodine is necessary for the synthesis of thyroid hormones. In addition, iodine plays a significant role in maintaining breast health.2-5 Furthermore, animal studies suggest iodine may possibly benefit adrenal and immune function.6,7 Dietary sources of iodine include iodized salt, seafood, seaweed, cow’s milk, navy beans, and potatoes. Most of the earth’s iodine is found in oceans; by comparison iodine content in soil is low and varies by region. For instance, older, exposed soil surfaces are more likely to have iodine leached away by erosion. Major mountain ranges (e.g., Himalayas, Andes, Alps) and flooded river valleys (e.g., the Ganges) are among the most severely iodine-deficient areas in the world.8 Not surprisingly, iodine deficiency is a significant health problem throughout much of the world.

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